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Preface

This guide describes PGHPF, the High Performance Fortran (HPF) compiler from The Portland Group, Inc. (PGI). The PGHPF compilation system consists of the HPF compiler, a FORTRAN 77 or Fortran 90 node compiler (not required on systems for which PGHPF produces native machine code, including IA-32 systems), an assembler, a linker, and the PGHPF runtime libraries. These component phases are transparent; the PGHPF driver controls the entire compilation process regardless of whether PGHPF is implemented as a native compiler on your system, or whether it generates an intermediate Fortran file that must be compiled by a native Fortran node compiler. You can use the PGHPF compilation system to create, debug, optimize and profile your HPF programs. The section, Related Publications, at the end of this preface lists related books and publications that may also be of use to you.

This PGHPF User's Guide provides operating instructions for the PGHPF compilation system and general information about the implementation of the HPF language. The PGHPF Reference Manual provides information about the language supported. This guide does not teach HPF programming. Refer to The High Performance Fortran Handbook, and the Fortran 95 Handbook listed in the following section, Related Publications for additional reference information on HPF and Fortran 90/95.

Audience Description

To use PGHPF, you should be aware of the role of HPF in data parallel computation, and have some Fortran or HPF programming experience. The PGHPF compiler itself runs on a variety of systems and generates output for several target systems. You also need to be familiar with the basic commands available on your system in order to use PGHPF.

Finally, your system needs to be running a properly installed and configured version of the PGHPF software. For information on installing and configuring PGHPF, refer to the installation notes sent with your software. If you did not receive installation notes, contact your system administrator or send E-mail to the PGI Technical Reporting Service, trs@pgroup.com.

Compatibility and Conformance to Standards

The PGHPF compiler runs on a variety of host systems and accepts as input HPF as defined in the HPF Standard. The output generated is object code that can be targeted for a number of different systems. For further information on HPF, Fortran 90 or FORTRAN 77, refer to the following:

Organization

This manual is divided into the following chapters and appendices:

Chapter 1
Getting Started, provides an introduction to PGHPF and describes its use and overall features.
Chapter 2
PGHPF Compiler Options, lists the PGHPF compiler command-line options.
Chapter 3
PGHPF Runtime Options, describes runtime command-line options, environment variables and system-dependent options for running HPF programs.
Chapter 4
PGHPF Libraries, lists the various PGHPF libraries and describes each library.
Chapter 5
PGHPF Data Distribution, describes how the PGHPF compiler distributes data among processors.
Chapter 6
Runtime and Execution Model, describes communications optimizations and various techniques the PGHPF compiler uses to facilitate communications for parallel execution.
Chapter 7
PGHPF Parallelism, describes the Fortran 90 and HPF language features that allow the programmer to convey and use parallelism in an HPF program.
Chapter 8
HPF Extrinsics, describes the PGHPF implementation of supported HPF extrinsic types.
Chapter 9
Modules, describes the PGHPF implementation of Fortran 90 modules.
Chapter 10
The PGPROF Profiler, describes the PGPROF graphical HPF performance profiler.
Appendix A
Messages, provides a list of PGHPF messages.
Appendix B
Driver Customization, describes how to modify the PGHPF configuration file to alter the PGHPF startup defaults.

Hardware and Software Constraints

This guide describes a version of PGHPF that operates on a variety of host systems and produces as output object code for a variety of different targets. Targets include many different hardware systems, using several implementations of FORTRAN 77 or Fortran 90 node compilers and several different parallel communications libraries. The PGHPF output is usually object code, but may also be Fortran with communications calls (to the PGI runtime library). Details concerning environment-specific values for either Fortran or the communications libraries, or defaults for host-specific features, are presented in the release notes sent with the PGHPF software. This manual may refer to different versions of Fortran targets as node compilers. In most implementations the node compilers are invoked by PGHPF directly and the output from the PGHPF compilation process is an executable file. In some implementations (including IA32 systems), no underlying node compiler is used - i.e. PGHPF directly generates machine code from the input HPF program.

Conventions

This User's Guide uses the following conventions:

italic
is used for commands, filenames, directories, arguments, options and for emphasis.
Constant Width
is used in examples and for language statements in the text.
CONSTANT WIDTH
upper case constant width is used for Fortran language statements in examples.
constant width
lower case constant width is used in the examples for Fortran code and for Fortran code that is generated by the PGHPF compiler.
[ item1 ]
square brackets indicate optional items. In this case item1 is optional.
{ item2 | item 3}
braces indicate that a selection is required. In this case, you must select either item2 or item3.
filename ...
an ellipsis indicates a repetition. Zero or more of the preceding item may occur. In this example, multiple filenames are allowed.
FORTRAN
Fortran language statements in the text are shown using upper-case characters and a reduced point size.

Related Publications

The following documents contain additional information related to the compilers and tools available from The Portland Group.

PGI User's Guide, describes usage and features of PGI's full suite of parallel Fortran, C and C++ compilers and tools for IA32 processor-based workstations, servers and clusters.

PGF77 Reference Manual, describes the FORTRAN 77 statements, data types, input/output format specifiers, and additional reference material.

PGHPF Reference Manual, describes the HPF statements, data types, input/output format specifiers, and additional reference material.

The High Performance Fortran Handbook, describes HPF in detail and is the language's primary reference manual. This handbook is available from The Portland Group, Inc.

The Fortran 90 Handbook, describes the Fortran 90 language and the statements, data types, input/output format specifiers, and additional reference material that defines ANSI/ISO Fortran 90.

American National Standard Programming Language Fortran, ANSI X3.-1978 (1978).

Programming in VAX Fortran, Version 4.0, Digital Equipment Corporation (September, 1984).

IBM VS Fortran, IBM Corporation, Rev. GC26-4119.

The current release notes sent with your software contain late-breaking and host-specific information.

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